Past Tense
Info
Chapter 3b:
The Past Tense
Past Perfect
The Past Perfect tense is the tense used to describe actions which have been done in the past. Here are the endings for this tense:
| Person: | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | -yordum | -yorduk |
| 2nd | -yordun | -yordunuz |
| 3rd | -yordu | -yordu |
These will make different meanings based on the ending:
| Language: | Root: | First Person | Second Person | Third Person | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turkish | okurmak | okuyordum | okuyordun | okuyordu | okuyorduk |
| English | to reading | I was reading | you were reading | read | we were reading |
| Language: | Root: | First Person | Second Person | Third Person | Plural |
| Turkish | bakmak | bakıyordum | bakıyordun | bakıyordu | bakıyorduk |
| English | to look | I was looking | you were looking | looked | we were looking |
Note the vowel harmony maintains, as a in "bakmak" morphs to ı. Now, for some examples of some sentences utilizing the past perfect case.
Sokakta
I was walking
Süpermarkete
You had gone
Seninle
I was sitting
Past Imperfect
The Past Imperfect tense is the tense used to describe actions happened in the pasr. In Turkish, there is barely a difference between perfect and imperfect, though, it may imply a behavior that someone used to do. Here are the endings for this tense:
| Person: | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | -dim/-tim | -dik/-tik |
| 2nd | -din/-tin | -diniz/tiniz |
| 3rd | -di/-ti | -di/-ti |
| Language: | Root: | First Person | Second Person | Third Person | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turkish | içmek | içtim | içtin | içti | içtik |
| English | to drink | I drank | you drank | drank | we drank |
| Language: | Root: | First Person | Second Person | Third Person | Plural |
| Turkish | gitmek | gittim | gittin | gitti | gittik |
| English | to go | I went | you went | went | we went |
This is used much more often than past perfect. Vowel harmony and consonant assimilation still apply.
Duş
I took
Elma
You ate